THE MALTA COSMOLOGY TEMPLATE



Chapter 6 - Photons






PARTS



Chapter
Home

Part 1
Cosmic Photon Creation


Part 2
Photon Mechanics


Part 3
Cosmic Background Radiation


Part 4
Selfproof
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Photon Selfproofs

SELFPROOF 0603 - WAVE-PARTICLE DUALITY

CURRENT COSMOLOGY MODEL

Wave-particle duality postulates that all particles exhibit both wave and particle properties. A central concept of quantum mechanics, this duality addresses the inability of classical concepts like "particle" and "wave" to fully describe the behavior of quantum-scale objects. Standard interpretation of quantum mechanics explain this paradox as a fundamental property of the Universe, while alternative interpretations explain the duality as an emergent, second-order consequence of various limitations of the observer. This treatment focuses on explaining the behaviour from the perspective of the widely used Copenhagen interpretation, in which wave–particle duality is one aspect of the concept of complementarity, that a phenomenon can be viewed in one way or in another, but not both simultaneously. (Wikipedia 06 Apr 2012)



Wave:     A disturbance, oscillation, or vibration, either of a medium and moving through that medium (such as water and sound waves) or of some quantity with different values at different points in space, moving through space (such as electromagnetic waves or a quantum mechanical wave described by the wave function).  (American Heritage Science Dictionary)

Particle:     An elementary particle, subatomic particle, or atomic nucleus. (American Heritage Science Dictionary)

Wave-Particle Duality:     The exhibition of both wavelike and particlelike properties by a single entity. For example, electrons undergo diffraction and can interfere with each other as waves, but they also act as pointlike masses and electric charges. The theory of quantum mechanics is an attempt to explain these apparently contradictory properties exhibited by matter.  (American Heritage Science Dictionary)


MALTA COSMOLOGY TEMPLATE
  • The teel is the fundamental particle.
  • All other objects in the Universe are made out of numbers of teels.
  • Waves can be induced in teels and all objects made out of teels when they are massed together in sufficient density.
  • For waves to be apparent, in teels and all objects made out of teels when they are massed together, they must be viewed at the appropriate scale.
COMMENTARY

The quotation that begins this page says "Wave-particle duality postulates that all particles exhibit both wave and particle properties." This may be so in the Current Cosmology Model but it isn't in the Malta Cosmology Template. Thus:
  • A particle is a teel or an object made of teels. Thus all particles exhibit particle properties. 
  • A wave is phenomenon seen in massed together particles (teels and objects made of teels) that have been energised in some way. A single particle exhibits no wave properties. Even massed together particles have no inherent wave property - remove the energy and you remove the waves. 
  • The wave phenomenon is rooted in collision mechanics. It happens when massed together particles harmonise their collisions (and thus their transfers of mass and energy from one particle to another) with their neighbors.
An oft-quoted example of wave-particle duality is the twin-slit experiment (Young's experiment) in which light is projected from a source through a pair of slits to a screen. In this experiment, different results are found when the screen is viewed closely and when it is viewed from a distance. Close observation shows photons arriving at the screen individually. Distant observation shows the photons arriving at the screen in a pattern of bands.

The twin-slit experiment is most commonly demonstrated using photons but the effect is equally reproducible with other atomic weight particles. What is more, the effect can also be reproduced using the much more massive water and air molecules. On this basis, it is reasonable to suppose that the effect is universal and reproducible using any objects that are massed together in sufficient density, provided they are able to survive the necessary collisions.
  • When objects collide, mass and/or energy is transferred from one to the other. 
  • When objects of one type are massed together, each object tends to harmonise its collisions with those of its neighbours.
  • The harmonisation is apparent in waves of increased/decreased mass and energy/density and speed.
  • The harmonisation effect is amplified when the objects are confined - as in a slit.  
The effect is easily explainable in objects that can be accelerated and decelerated. However, photons are commonly supposed to move only at lightspeed and this is true - but not 100% true. If photons collide they will exchange mass and energy. just like any other particle, the effect of which is to render them understable or overstable. The automatic restabilisation process soon returns them to stability but in the brief moment they are not stable they will be moving above or below lightspeed. Thus it is that when massed together photons pass through a slit they will form waves which are detectable in the twin slit experiment.

That the above needs to be empirically confirmed by observation and or experiment goes without saying. However, when attempts at confirmation are made, the following aspects also need to be taken into account:
  • The 'walls' of each slit are composed of atoms.
  • Atoms absorb and emit photons. 
  • Atoms emit photons from fixed position "throats" (see Chapter 9 - Atoms and Chapter 10 - Atom Mechanics).
  • Atoms have gravitypull.
  • Atoms have gravitysheaths and gravitysheath interfaces.
  • Atoms have teelospheres (given that atoms have a compound (axial and centrifugal) structure, their teelstreams are complex).
  • Photons have a mass that varies according to their wavelength.
  • Photons have a gravitypull that varies with their mass.
  • Photons have gravitysheaths and gravitysheath interfaces.
  • Photons have teelospheres, the density and extent of which depends upon the mass of the photon's teelcore.    








Comments and suggestions:  peter.ed.winchester@gmail.com

Copyright 2013 Peter (Ed) Winchester



REVISIONS

15 Jul 2014 - page revised to 3-section format.