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Part 7 - Selfproof (cont) |
SELFPROOF 0103 - ELEMENTARY BOSONS
CURRENT COSMOLOGY MODEL
All
observed elementary particles are either fermions or bosons. The
observed elementary bosons are all gauge bosons: photons, W and Z
bosons, and gluons.
- Photons
are the force carriers of the electromagnetic field.
- W
and Z bosons are the force carriers which mediate the weak force.
- Gluons
are the fundamental force carriers underlying the strong force.
In
addition, the standard model postulates the existence of Higgs
bosons, which give other particles their mass via the Higgs
mechanism. Finally, many approaches to quantum gravity postulate a
force carrier for gravity, the graviton, which is a boson of spin 2.
(Wikipedia 19 Mar 2012)
- Photon - existence confirmed.
- W boson - existence confirmed.
- Z boson - existence confirmed.
- Gluon - existence confirmed.
- Higgs boson - existence confirmed.
- Graviton - existence unconfirmed.
MALTA COSMOLOGY TEMPLATE
a) Photons- Each photon has a measure of energy.
- A photon can carry energy from one object to another. (see Energy and Spinspeed Law)
- Thus a photon can be considered an exchange particle.
b) W and Z bosons- W
and Z bosons of specific measures are produced during the stabilisation
of specific objects and in specific conditions.
- The existence of W and Z bosons has been confirmed by colliding objects at high energies.
- Colliding objects with known measures in known conditions will have predictable consequences.
c) Gluons- The strong force is the interaction responsible for binding quarks, antiquarks, and gluons, to make hadrons.
- The
strong force is a multiprocess in which the mutual gravitational
attraction of the quarks is countered by the rejectivity of their
teelospheres. (see Chapter 7 - Electrons and Chapter 8 - Nucleons)
- In the strong force multiprocess there is no specific need for an exchange particle such as the gluon.
- The existence of gluons has been confirmed by colliding objects at high energies.
- Colliding objects with known measures in known conditions will have predictable consequences.
d) Higgs bosons- Every teel has a measure of mass. (see Argument 0102)
- Every teel has the same measure of mass. (see Argument 0103)
- Every
teel attracts every other teel in the
Universe at a rate proportional to the product of their masses and
inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them. (see
Argument 0109)
- Teels are eternal. (see Argument 0206)
- The effect of mass and the effect of gravity is the same.
- The Malta Cosmology Template has no explanation for either mass or gravity.
- But nor, at the level of teels, does it need an exchange particle such as the Higgs Boson.
- If there is a level below that of teels, an explanation for mass and/or gravity may (or may not) be found there. (see C0122 - On teels)
- The existence of Higgs bosons has been confirmed by colliding objects at high energies.
- Colliding objects with known measures in known conditions will have predictable consequences.
e) Gravitons- The
notion that gravity is a quantised property, coming in discrete packets
with each packet having the same measure/value is widely held but
unproven.
- A quantised packet of gravity is called the graviton.
- The teel is the (notional) fundamental particle, out of numbers of which every other object in the Universe is made. (see Argument 0101)
- All teels (notionally) have the same mass. (see Argument 0103)
- All teels (notionally) have the same dimensions. (see Argument 0106)
- All teels (notionally) are spherical. (see Argument 0107)
- All
teels attract every other teel in the
Universe at a rate proportional to the product of their masses and
inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them. (see
Argument 0109)
- Thus each teel is identical to every other teel and therefore each teel is a quantum of gravity. (see C0122 - On teels)
- The graviton is expected to be a massless, chargeless, stable, spin-2, boson.
- Mass is one of the principal properties of the teel. (see Argument 0102)
- The effect of a teel's mass is
indistinguishable from the effect of its gravity.
- If
the teel were to be deemed to have no mass and only gravity, this would
have no effect upon the evolution of the Malta Cosmology Template.
- If
the teel were to be deemed to have no mass and only gravity, it would
be a graviton, subject to the note on spin below.
- Spin is one of the principal properties of the teel. (see Argument 0102)
- The spinrate of teels is measurable in revolutions per time period and varies with conditions and circumstances. (see Argument 0104)
- The spin of a graviton is a quantised spin.
- A
quantised spinrate can be considered to be an average spinrate and
is thus able to accommodate a range of "real life" spinrates.
- In this way, the spinrates of the teel and the graviton might be reconciled.
COMMENTARY
The
Current Model begins
at "today" and works backward in time. The Malta Template
begins as far back in time as can be justified by facts and works
forward. Thus the two work toward each other and, more often than not,
deliver the same results. Not always, however, and where they do
disagree (as they do in parts of this chapter) it is worth looking more
closely at their selfproving abilities.
The Malta Template
selfproves by making a deduction and then relating that to real life.
Overall it does this by evolving forward in time to the point where it
must eventually become a description of the Universe as we know it to
be. If it doesn't do this, it is wrong.
The Current Model is less able to selfprove. It theorises on the
basis of what it knows (or rather too often, on the basis of what
it has previously theorised, sometimes to the point of creating quasifacts). It then attempts to confirm the theories by experiment
and/or observation. The problem here is well known and understood -
what is seen in experiment/observation may fit the theory but that
doesn't necessarily mean the theory is right. Ptolemy's
geocentric universe was the "current model" for fifteen hundred years. It was wrong but it worked
so it was assumed by the establishment to be true.
Consider
the W, Z, and Higgs
bosons. They were proposed. They were searched for. Something was
observed that corresponded with what was proposed. They are indeed
real and thus
the theories work. Or do they. Are the bosons that have
been observed, actually what they are supposed to be. According
to the weaker selfproving of the Current Cosmology Model, yes.
According to
the stronger selfproving of the Malta Cosmology Template, no.
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GLOSSARY
- ENERGY:
(1) The capacity to do work. (2) The
movement of the teels in a teelpair due to their mutual gravitypull.
- MULTIPROCESS:
Two or more distinct processes, each producing their own
results (which may be contrary or complementary) which are thereafter
apparent as a single combined result.
- QUASIFACT:
An assumption that has become the foundation for a
sequence of multigenerational assumptions and is now treated as fact in
all but name. All
assumptions should be challenged regularly but when doing so risks
bringing down a "house of cards" there is a reluctance to do so and anyone
trying to do so tends to be marginalised. (This is the "emperor's new
clothes" syndrome, after the well-known HC Anderson story.)
- REJECTIVITY:
A consequence of the law: one particle cannot
occupy a place in space and time already occupied by another of the
same type.
1 unit of spin = 1 unit
of speed.
One unit of spin can be
converted by collision into one unit of speed.
By a further collision,
it can be converted back into one unit of spin.
Resulting from a
collision, one unit of spin or speed
can be transformed into
any ratio of spin or speed
but the sum of the spin
and speed is always one unit.
- STRONG FORCE:
(also known as the "strong interaction!) (1)
The interaction responsible for binding quarks, antiquarks, and
gluons to make hadrons. Residual strong interactions provide the
nuclear binding force. (particleadventure.com) (2) The
force that binds two blackholes (quarks) together within an electron
and three blackholes (quarks) together within a nucleon. The strong
force is a multiprocess in which the mutual gravitational attraction of
the quarks is countered by the rejectivity of their teelospheres.
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